Journal
SCIENCE
Volume 370, Issue 6519, Pages 961-+Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.aba5132
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Funding
- Center for Advanced Soft-Electronics - Ministry of Education, Science and Technology [CASE-2015M3A6A5072945]
- National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Korean government (MSIT) [NRF-2020R1A2C3012738]
- Technology Innovation Program - Ministry of Trade, Industry, and Energy (MOTIE, Korea) [10077533]
- U.S. National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program [DGE-114747]
- Korea Evaluation Institute of Industrial Technology (KEIT) [10077533] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
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Human skin has different types of tactile receptors that can distinguish various mechanical stimuli from temperature. We present a deformable artificial multimodal ionic receptor that can differentiate thermal and mechanical information without signal interference. Two variables are derived from the analysis of the ion relaxation dynamics: the charge relaxation time as a strain-insensitive intrinsic variable to measure absolute temperature and the normalized capacitance as a temperature-insensitive extrinsic variable to measure strain. The artificial receptor with a simple electrode-electrolyte-electrode structure simultaneously detects temperature and strain by measuring the variables at only two measurement frequencies. The human skin-like multimodal receptor array, called multimodal ionelectronic skin (IEM-skin), provides real-time force directions and strain profiles in various tactile motions (shear, pinch, spread, torsion, and so on).
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