Almond as a nutraceutical and therapeutic agent in Persian medicine and modern phytotherapy: A narrative review

Sweet almond (Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A.Webb) is a known nut, which has long been used in several ethnomedical systems, especially in Persian medicine (PM) for its nutritional and therapeutic activities. In this study, we aimed to provide a summary on traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacological activities of sweet almond. Thus, we reviewed textbooks of PM and electronic literature on traditional medicine. Moreover, the available data on the usage of sweet almond were searched in electronic databases to find articles on its pharmacological properties and phytochemistry. According to phytochemical investigations, this plant contains macronutrients, micronutrients, essential oils, various phenolic compounds, and phytosterols. Current pharmacological studies represent that Prunus dulcis has several biological activities including prebiotic, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiinflammatory, anticancer, hepatoprotective, cardiometabolic protection, nootropic, anxiolytic, sedative-hypnotic, and nervous-improving effects. Further clinical trials and meta-analysis are required to draw a definitive conclusion on the efficacy and therapeutic activities of almond.

Automated summary

Sweet almond, a well-known nut, has been traditionally used in various ethnomedical systems for its nutritional and therapeutic activities, particularly in Persian medicine. Recent studies have shown that sweet almond exhibits multiple pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects. However, further clinical trials and meta-analysis are necessary to draw definitive conclusions on its efficacy and therapeutic activities.