Journal
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
Volume 126, Issue 2, Pages -Publisher
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.020401
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Funding
- Heidelberg Center for Quantum Dynamics
- DFG Collaborative Research Centre [SFB 1225]
- European Unions Horizon 2020 research and innovation program [817482, 725636]
- Landesgraduiertenforderung Baden-Wurttemberg
- Daimler and Benz Foundation
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The research reports on the direct observation of the Pauli exclusion principle in a continuous system of up to six particles in the ground state of a two-dimensional harmonic oscillator. The study found Pauli crystals as a manifestation of higher order correlations without any interactions present, laying the foundation for future studies of correlations in strongly interacting systems of many fermions.
The Pauli exclusion principle is a fundamental law underpinning the structure of matter. Because of their antisymmetric wave function, no two fermions can occupy the same quantum state. Here, we report on the direct observation of the Pauli principle in a continuous system of up to six particles in the ground state of a two-dimensional harmonic oscillator. To this end, we sample the full many-body wave function by applying a single atom resolved imaging scheme in momentum space. We find so-called Pauli crystals as a manifestation of higher order correlations. In contrast to true crystalline phases, these unique high-order density correlations emerge even without any interactions present. Our work lays the foundation for future studies of correlations in strongly interacting systems of many fermions.
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