Dominant Fifth-Order Correlations in Doped Quantum Antiferromagnets

Traditionally, one- and two-point correlation functions are used to characterize many-body systems. In strongly correlated quantum materials, such as the doped 2D Fermi-Hubbard system, these may no longer be sufficient, because higher-order correlations are crucial to understanding the character of the many-body system and can be numerically dominant. Experimentally, such higher-order correlations have recently become accessible in ultracold atom systems. Here, we reveal strong non-Gaussian correlations in doped quantum antiferromagnets and show that higher-order correlations dominate over lower-order terms. We study a single mobile hole in the t - J model using the density matrix renormalization group and reveal genuine fifth-order correlations which are directly related to the mobility of the dopant. We contrast our results to predictions using models based on doped quantum spin liquids which feature significantly reduced higher-order correlations. Our predictions can be tested at the lowest currently accessible temperatures in quantum simulators of the 2D Fermi-Hubbard model. Finally, we propose to experimentally study the same fifth-order spin-charge correlations as a function of doping. This will help to reveal the microscopic nature of charge carriers in the most debated regime of the Hubbard model, relevant for understanding high-T-c superconductivity.

Automated summary

The study reveals strong non-Gaussian correlations in doped quantum antiferromagnets and shows that higher-order correlations dominate over lower-order terms. By analyzing fifth-order spin-charge correlations in the t - J model, the research sheds light on the mobility of dopants and contrasts the results to predictions using models based on doped quantum spin liquids. These predictions can be tested in quantum simulators of the 2D Fermi-Hubbard model, offering insight into the microscopic nature of charge carriers in the Hubbard model relevant to high-T-c superconductivity.