Journal
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
Volume 126, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.010503
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Funding
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2017YFA0304100, 2016YFA0301300, 2016YFA0301700]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [11774335, 11734015, 11874345, 11821404, 11904357, 11974189]
- Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences, CAS [QYZDY-SSW-SLH003]
- Science Foundation of the CAS [ZDRW-XH-2019-1]
- Science and Technological Fund of Anhui Province for Outstanding Youth [2008085J02]
- Anhui Initiative in Quantum Information Technologies [AHY020100, AHY060300]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
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The research introduces an efficient method of long-distance entanglement purification using only one pair of hyperentangled state, demonstrating its application in quantum key distribution. Results show significant improvements in fidelity and key rate after purification.
High-quality long-distance entanglement is essential for both quantum communication and scalable quantum networks. Entanglement purification is to distill high-quality entanglement from low-quality entanglement in a noisy environment and it plays a key role in quantum repeaters. The previous significant entanglement purification experiments require two pairs of low-quality entangled states and were demonstrated in tabletop. Here we propose and report a high-efficiency and long-distance entanglement purification using only one pair of hyperentangled state. We also demonstrate its practical application in entanglement-based quantum key distribution (QKD). One pair of polarization spatial-mode hyperentanglement was distributed over 11 km multicore fiber (noisy channel). After purification, the fidelity of polarization entanglement arises from 0.771 to 0.887 and the effective key rate in entanglement-based QKD increases from 0 to 0.332. The values of Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt inequality of polarization entanglement arises from 1.829 to 2.128. Moreover, by using one pair of hyperentanglement and deterministic controlled-NOT gates, the total purification efficiency can be estimated as 6.6 x 10(3) times than the experiment using two pairs of entangled states with spontaneous parametric down-conversion sources. Our results offer the potential to be implemented as part of a full quantum repeater and large-scale quantum network.
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