Journal
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
Volume 376, Issue 1815, Pages -Publisher
ROYAL SOC
DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2019.0630
Keywords
BOLD fMRI; neurovascular coupling; neurometabolic coupling; astrocyte; interneuron; endothelial propagation
Categories
Funding
- Sir Henry Dale Fellowship by Wellcome Trust
- Royal Society [105586/Z/14/Z, RGS\R1\191203]
- Collins Medical Trust
- NIH NINDS [1R01NS110690]
- NIH NIMH [1R01DA047237]
- NIH NIA [P30AG066518-01]
- NIH NIA (Oregon Alzheimer's Disease Research Center)
- Medical Research Council [MR/S026495/1]
- Alzheimer's Research UK South Coast Network
- MRC [MR/V036750/1, MR/S026495/1] Funding Source: UKRI
Ask authors/readers for more resources
Functional neuroimaging techniques, particularly BOLD fMRI, are widely used in studying human cognition and disease. BOLD signals are generated by increased local blood supply in response to neural activity, supporting increased metabolism during activity.
Functional neuroimaging techniques are widely applied to investigations of human cognition and disease. The most commonly used among these is blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging. The BOLD signal occurs because neural activity induces an increase in local blood supply to support the increased metabolism that occurs during activity. This supply usually outmatches demand, resulting in an increase in oxygenated blood in an active brain region, and a corresponding decrease in deoxygenated blood, which generates the BOLD signal. Hence, the BOLD response is shaped by an integration of local oxygen use, through metabolism, and supply, in the blood. To understand what information is carried in BOLD signals, we must understand how several cell types in the brain-local excitatory neurons, inhibitory neurons, astrocytes and vascular cells (pericytes, vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells), and their modulation by ascending projection neurons-contribute to both metabolism and haemodynamic changes. Here, we review the contributions of each cell type to the regulation of cerebral blood flow and metabolism, and discuss situations where a simplified interpretation of the BOLD response as reporting local excitatory activity may misrepresent important biological phenomena, for example with regards to arousal states, ageing and neurological disease. This article is part of the theme issue 'Key relationships between non-invasive functional neuroimaging and the underlying neuronal activity'.
Authors
I am an author on this paper
Click your name to claim this paper and add it to your profile.
Reviews
Recommended
No Data Available