Comparative study of antifibrotic activity of some magnesium-containing supplements on experimental liver toxicity. Molecular study

Introduction: Liver fibrosis is the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins including collagen that occurs in most types of chronic liver diseases. This study aimed to investigate and compare the therapeutic efficacy of different magnesium (Mg)-containing supplements (formulations A, B, and C) on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver fibrosis in rats. Methods: Liver fibrosis was induced by intraperitoneal injection of rats with CCl4 (1:1 in olive oil, 2mL/kg, three times/week) for 4 weeks, and then rats were orally treated with different Mg-containing supplements (formulations A, B, and C) once daily for another one month. Liver fibrosis was quantified by evaluation of expressions of Collagen I, transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF beta 1), platelet-derived growth factor-C (PDGF-C), nuclear factor kappa-beta (NF-kappa beta), and measurement of hepatic collagen (hydroxyproline) level. Also, malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), glutathione (GSH) level, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activities were estimated. Results: CCl4 administration significantly elevated expressions of the studied genes, hepatic hydroxyproline, MDA, and NO levels and caused depletion of GSH level, decreased SOD, and GST activities when compared with those of their corresponding control, p<0.05. All magnesium supplements significantly inhibited expressions of the studied genes and attenuated the hepatic hydroxyproline level as compared with those of CCl4-treated group(;)p<0.05; for NF-kappa beta, the highest inhibition was by formulations B and C. Regarding Collagen I, TGF beta 1, and hepatic hydroxyproline content, the highest inhibition was by Formulation C, and Formulation A revealed highest inhibition for PDGF-C. All magnesium supplements revealed normalization of oxidant and antioxidants parameters. Histopathological examination supports the biochemical and molecular findings. Conclusion: Mg supplements were effective in the treatment of hepatic CCl4-induced fibrosis-rat model.