Analysis of substrated periodic metasurfaces under normal incidence

The analysis and synthesis of metasurfaces are important because of their emerging applications in a broad range of the operational wavelengths from microwaves to the visible light spectrum. Moreover, in many applications, like optical nanoantennas, absorbers, solar cells, and sensing, the presence of a substrate is apparent. Therefore, understanding the effects of substrates upon the metasurfaces is important, as the substrates typically affect the resonance behaviors of particles, as well as the interactions between them. In order to consider the impacts of substrates, this paper develops a method for the characterization and homogenization of substrated metasurfaces. This approach is based on independent studies of the electromagnetic behavior of the constituting nanoparticles, and the interactions between them. It uses image theory to calculate the interaction constant tensors in the presence of a dielectric substrate. Then, the contributions of the quasi-static interaction fields of the primary and image dipoles are considered as a homogeneous sheet of surface polarization currents. Finally, the closed-form expressions for the interaction constant tensors are derived. To show the accuracy of our proposed approach, the numerical results of the method are compared to other approaches, as well as with those generated by a commercial EM solver, which are all found to be in good agreement. Moreover, the effects of the refractive index of the substrate, the geometric characteristics of the particle, and periodicity of the array are also investigated on the interaction constants. We believe that this methodology is general and useful in the design and analysis of substrated metasurfaces for various applications. (C) 2021 Optical Society of America under the terms of the OSA Open Access Publishing Agreement

Automated summary

The analysis and synthesis of metasurfaces at various wavelengths is crucial, with a focus on the impact of substrates. A new method based on independent studies of electromagnetic behavior and interactions of constituting nanoparticles is proposed for substrated metasurfaces. The method utilizes image theory to calculate interaction constant tensors, presenting a general and useful approach for design and analysis of substrated metasurfaces.