Journal
OPERATIONS RESEARCH
Volume 69, Issue 2, Pages 486-508Publisher
INFORMS
DOI: 10.1287/opre.2020.2014
Keywords
multilevel programming; critical node problem; firefighter problem; mixed-integer programming; defender-attacker-defender
Funding
- European Union [FP7-PEOPLE-2012-ITN 316647]
- Institut de valorisation des donnees (IVADO)
- Fonds de recherche du Quebec (FRQ) through the FRQ-IVADO Research Chair
- ERDF European Regional Development Fund through the Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation-COMPETE 2020 Programme [POCI-01-0145-FEDER-006961]
- FCT (Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology) [UID/EEA/50014/2013]
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This study combines the perspectives of preventing network attacks and responding to attacks, proposing a defender-attacker-defender defense model. The results show that, considering the attacker's optimal behavior, the defensive strategy can minimize network damage through a three-stage game.
In recent years, a lot of effort has been dedicated to develop strategies to defend networks against possible cascade failures or malicious viral attacks. On the one hand, network safety is investigated from a preventive perspective. On the other hand, blocking models have been proposed for scenarios in which the attack has already taken place causing a harmful spreading throughout the network. In this work, we combine these two perspectives. More precisely, following the framework defender-attacker-defender, we consider a model of prevention, attack, and damage containment using a three-stage, zero-sum game. The defender is not only able to adopt preventive strategies, but also to defend the network after an attack takes place. Assuming that the attacker acts optimally, we compute a defensive strategy for the first stage that minimizes the total damage to the network in the end of the third stage. Our contribution consists of considering this problem as a trilevel mixed-integer program and designing an exact algorithm for it based on tools developed for multilevel programming.
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