Journal
NUTRITION AND CANCER-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL
Volume 73, Issue 11-12, Pages 2219-2231Publisher
ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1861310
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Funding
- Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture, Forestry(IPET) through Agro and Livestock Products Safety-Flow Management Technology Development Program - Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs(MAFRA) [119077-2]
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Polysaccharides have the potential to be effective anticancer agents with dual roles of antitumor and immunomodulatory effects. They can inhibit tumor growth and enhance host immune response through both direct and indirect actions.
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death and one of the most important public health problems in the world. And every year, millions of new cancers and hundreds of thousands of cancer-related deaths are reported worldwide. In recent decades, a number of biologically active polysaccharides and polysaccharide-protein complexes have been isolated from plants, lichen, algae, yeast, fungi and mushroom, and due to their antitumor and immunomodulatory properties, these compounds have received considerable attention. Overall, the two key mechanisms by which polysaccharides act on tumor cells are direct action (inhibition of cancer cell growth and induction of programmed cell death/apoptosis) and indirect action (stimulation of immunity). Immunosuppressive effects are recognizable in both cancer patients and tumor bearing animals, suggesting that the immune system plays an important role in the immune surveillance of cancer cells. Thus, enhancement of the host immune response has been evaluated as a possible way of inhibiting tumor growth without damaging the host. In addition to their therapeutic and prophylactic properties, the polysaccharides are effective and less toxic than chemotherapy. The anticancer activity and immunomodulatory effects of most polysaccharides have shown the promising and real potential for the benefits of human health.
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