Journal
NEUROLOGY
Volume 96, Issue 7, Pages E1036-E1044Publisher
LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000011411
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Funding
- Research Council of Norway [177966, 287842]
- Western Norway Regional Health Authority [911218]
- Norwegian Parkinsons Disease Association
- Parkinson's UK [G0502, G0914, G1302]
- Scottish Government Chief Scientist Office
- BMA Doris Hillier Award
- BUPA Foundation
- NHS Grampian Endowments
- RS MacDonald Trust
- Swedish Medical Research Council
- Swedish Parkinson's Disease Association
- Swedish Parkinson Foundation
- Vasterbotten County Council
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The study found that carriers of GBA gene variants show a faster progression of motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease over a 7-year period compared to non-carriers. Recruiting only GBA carriers in clinical trials can significantly reduce trial size and improve trial design.
Objective To establish the significance of glucocerebrosidase gene (GBA) carrier status on motor impairment in a large cohort of patients with incident Parkinson disease (PD). Methods Three European population-based studies followed 528 patients with PD from diagnosis. A total of 440 with genomic DNA from baseline were assessed for GBA variants. We evaluated motor and functional impairment annually using the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) motor and activities of daily living (ADL) sections. Differential effects of classes of GBA variants on disease progression were evaluated using mixed random and fixed effects models. Results A total of 387 patients with idiopathic disease (age at baseline 70.3 +/- 9.5 years; 60.2% male) and 53 GBA carriers (age at baseline 66.8 +/- 10.1 years; 64.2% male) were included. The motor profile of the groups was clinically indistinguishable at diagnosis. GBA carriers showed faster annual increase in UPDRS scores measuring ADL (1.5 point per year, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.1-2.0) and motor symptoms (2.2 points per year, 95% CI 1.3-3.1) compared to noncarriers (ADL, 1.0 point per year, 95% CI 0.9-1.1, p = 0.003; motor, 1.3 point per year, 95% CI 1.1-1.6, p = 0.007). Simulations of clinical trial designs showed that recruiting only GBA carriers can reduce trial size by up to 65% compared to a trial recruiting all patients with PD. Conclusion GBA variants are linked to a more aggressive motor disease course over 7 years from diagnosis in patients with PD. A better understanding of PD progression in genetic subpopulations may improve disease management and has direct implications for improving the design of clinical trials.
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