Journal
NATURE PHOTONICS
Volume 15, Issue 2, Pages 148-155Publisher
NATURE PORTFOLIO
DOI: 10.1038/s41566-020-00732-4
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Funding
- National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Korea government (MSIT) [NRF-2016R1A3B1908431]
- US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0019281]
- Chinese Scholarship Council (CSC)
- European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme [834431]
- Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) via the Unidad de Excelencia Maria de Maeztu [CEX2019000919-M, MAT2017-88821-R]
- UKRI Global Challenge Research Fund project
- SUNRISE project [EP/P032591/1]
- UKIERI project
- Royal Society-SERB Newton International Fellowship
- U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-SC0019281] Funding Source: U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)
- EPSRC [EP/P032591/1] Funding Source: UKRI
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In this study, a one-dopant alloying strategy was employed to enhance electroluminescence efficiencies of metal halide perovskite nanocrystals (PNCs) by reducing defect formation and enhancing charge carrier confinement. Surface-stabilizing agents and bromide vacancy healing agents were utilized to decrease defect density and improve carrier confinement, resulting in significant enhancement in performance.
Electroluminescence efficiencies of metal halide perovskite nanocrystals (PNCs) are limited by a lack of material strategies that can both suppress the formation of defects and enhance the charge carrier confinement. Here we report a one-dopant alloying strategy that generates smaller, monodisperse colloidal particles (confining electrons and holes, and boosting radiative recombination) with fewer surface defects (reducing non-radiative recombination). Doping of guanidinium into formamidinium lead bromide PNCs yields limited bulk solubility while creating an entropy-stabilized phase in the PNCs and leading to smaller PNCs with more carrier confinement. The extra guanidinium segregates to the surface and stabilizes the undercoordinated sites. Furthermore, a surface-stabilizing 1,3,5-tris(bromomethyl)-2,4,6-triethylbenzene was applied as a bromide vacancy healing agent. The result is highly efficient PNC-based light-emitting diodes that have current efficiency of 108 cd A(-1) (external quantum efficiency of 23.4%), which rises to 205 cd A(-1) (external quantum efficiency of 45.5%) with a hemispherical lens.
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