A combined analysis of the H0 late time direct measurements and the impact on the Dark Energy sector

We combine 23 Hubble constant measurements based on Cepheids-SN Ia, TRGB-SN Ia, Miras-SN Ia, Masers, Tully Fisher, Surface Brightness Fluctuations, SN II, Time-delay Lensing, Standard Sirens and gamma-ray Attenuation, obtaining our best optimistic H-0 estimate, that is H-0 = 72.94 +/- 0.75 km s(-1) Mpc(-1) at 68 per cent CL. This is in 5.9 sigma - tension with the ACDM model, therefore we evaluate its impact on the extended Dark Energy cosmological models that can alleviate the tension. We find more than 4.9 sigma evidence for a phantom Dark Energy equation of state in the wCDM scenario, the cosmological constant ruled out at more than 3 sigma in a w(0)w(alpha) CDM model and more than 5.7 alpha evidence for a coupling between Dark Matter and Dark Energy in the IDE scenario. Finally, we check the robustness of our results; and we quote two additional combinations of the Hubble constant. The ultra-conservative estimate, H-0 = 72.7 +/- 1.1 km s(-1) Mpc (-1) at 68 per cent CL, is obtained removing the Cepheids-SN Ia and the Time-Delay Lensing based measurements, and confirms the evidence for new physics.

Automated summary

The study combines multiple measurements of the Hubble constant, resulting in an optimistic estimate of H-0 = 72.94 +/- 0.75 km s(-1) Mpc(-1), significantly different from the ACDM model. The research also highlights various new phenomena that emerge in different dark energy cosmological models, such as phantom dark energy and coupling between dark matter and dark energy.