Journal
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
Volume 65, Issue 6, Pages -Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202001048
Keywords
gut microbiota; inter‐ individual variability; metabolic syndrome; polyphenol; single‐ nucleotide polymorphisms
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Funding
- MINECO (Spain) [AGL2015-64124-R]
- MICINN (Spain) [PID2019-103914RB-I00]
- Fundacion Seneca de la Region de Murcia (Spain) [20880/PI/18]
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The study found that pomegranate extract nutraceutical has an effect on the gut microbiota in poly-medicated MetS patients, particularly in anti-hypertensive treatments. This provides a new complementary approach for MetS therapy.
Scope Poly-pharmacological therapy shapes the gut microbiota (GM) in metabolic syndrome (MetS) patients. The effects of polyphenols in poly-medicated MetS patients are unknown. Methods and results A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded, and crossover trial in poly-medicated MetS patients (n=50) explored whether the effects of a pomegranate extract nutraceutical (PE, 320 mg phenolics/day for 1 month) are affected by the drug therapy. Considering the lipid-lowering (LL-), anti-hypertensive (HP-) and(or) anti-diabetic (AD-) treatments: GM (16S rRNA sequencing), short-chain fatty acids, 40 inflammatory-metabolic and endotoxemia-related biomarkers, associations between biomarkers and GM with 53 cardiometabolic dysfunctions-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and urolithin metabotypes (UMs) influence are evaluated. Representative SNPs-GM associations after PE include Lactococcus and ClostridiumXIVa with rs5443-GNB3 (G-protein-beta-polypeptide-3) and ClostridiumXIVa with rs7903146-TCF7L2 (transcription-factor-7-like-2) and rs1137101-LEPR (leptin-receptor). PE decreases sICAM-1 in LL-patients and the lipopolysaccharide-binding protein in all the patients. PE does not affect the other patients' markers as a group or stratifying by UMs. After PE, Lactococcus increases in AD-, LL-, and HP-patients, Bifidobacterium increases in LL- and AD-, while Clostridium XIVa decreases in non-LL- and non-HP-patients. Conclusion The prebiotic effect of PE depends on the medication, mainly on HP-treatments. Targeting GM can complement MetS therapy, but the patients' drug therapy should be considered individually.
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