Journal
MOLECULAR CELL
Volume 81, Issue 5, Pages 905-+Publisher
CELL PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2020.12.042
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Funding
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) [FOR2149, 265903901, LA2861/4-2, SCHO1791/1-2, 265996823, CRC TRR166, CRC 1423, 421152132, HI1502/1-2, 168703014, SA829/19-1]
- Stiftung Charite
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH)
- Einstein Center Digital Future
- Synapsis Foundation [2018-P104]
- Swiss National Foundation Sinergia grant [CRSII5 183563]
- Leipzig University
- Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF) [CRSII5_183563] Funding Source: Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF)
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The study demonstrates the existence of intact aGPCR heterodimers in mammals, where the core TA region becomes unmasked in the cleaved GAIN domain, and intra-GAIN domain movements regulate the level of tethered agonist exposure, potentially controlling aGPCR activity.
Adhesion G protein-coupled receptors (aGPCRs)/family B2 GPCRs execute critical tasks during development and the operation of organs, and their genetic lesions are associated with human disorders, including cancers. Exceptional structural aGPCR features are the presence of a tethered agonist (TA) concealed within a GPCR autoproteolysis-inducing (GAIN) domain and their non-covalent heteromeric two-subunit layout. How the TA is poised for activation while maintaining this delicate receptor architecture is central to conflicting signaling paradigms that either involve or exclude aGPCR heterodimer separation. We investigated this matter in five mammalian aGPCR homologs (ADGRB3, ADGRE2, ADGRE5, ADGRG1, and ADGRL1) and demonstrate that intact aGPCR heterodimers exist at the cell surface, that the core TA region becomes unmasked in the cleaved GAIN domain, and that intra-GAIN domain movements regulate the level of tethered agonist exposure, thereby likely controlling aGPCR activity. Collectively, these findings delineate a unifying mechanism for TA-dependent signaling of intact aGPCRs.
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