Cheap Talk on Freelance Platforms

We consider a large decentralized freelance platform where buyers with private information about their quality preferences are matched with freelancers that differ in quality. When posting their job requests, buyers can report their quality preferences via cheap talk, which influences freelancers' application and pricing strategies. By exaggerating one's quality preference, a buyer attracts not only more applications from freelancers, but also those with higher quality, at the cost of a higher expected price. We find that it is always an equilibrium for the buyers to report their quality preferences truthfully when they cannot renegotiate with freelancers on their asking prices after getting matched. On the other hand, when postmatch renegotiation is allowed and buyers have relatively high bargaining power, low-type buyers may strategically exaggerate their quality preferences, and subsequently after getting matched, costly signal their true type and bargain for lower prices. From a platform design perspective, our analysis implies that the option of renegotiation, designed to facilitate postmatch information transmission, may backfire by giving rise to buyers' prematch opportunistic behaviors of information distortion.

Automated summary

We studied the matching between buyers and freelancers on a decentralized freelance platform, and found that buyers can attract higher-quality freelancers by exaggerating their quality preferences, but at the cost of a higher price. When buyers cannot renegotiate prices, they will truthfully report their quality preferences; however, when renegotiation is allowed, low-quality buyers may strategically set high prices by deception.