Journal
JOURNAL OF ZHEJIANG UNIVERSITY-SCIENCE B
Volume 22, Issue 1, Pages 31-37Publisher
ZHEJIANG UNIV
DOI: 10.1631/jzus.B2000289
Keywords
DNA damage repair; MRE11-RAD50-NBS1 (MRN) complex; Homologous recombination; Non-homologous end joining
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Funding
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2018YFC2000100]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31730021, 31971220, 31961160725]
- Fok Ying Tung Education Foundation
- China's Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
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This review focuses on the structure and function of the MRN complex in DNA damage repair, highlighting its important roles in DNA damage recognition, signaling, and HR or NHEJ repair processes.
Genome stability can be threatened by both endogenous and exogenous agents. Organisms have evolved numerous mechanisms to repair DNA damage, including homologous recombination (HR) and non-homologous end joining (NHEJ). Among the factors associated with DNA repair, the MRE11-RAD50-NBS1 (MRN) complex (MRE11-RAD50-XRS2 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae) plays important roles not only in DNA damage recognition and signaling but also in subsequent HR or NHEJ repair. Upon detecting DNA damage, the MRN complex activates signaling molecules, such as the protein kinase ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM), to trigger a broad DNA damage response, including cell cycle arrest. The nuclease activity of the MRN complex is responsible for DNA end resection, which guides DNA repair to HR in the presence of sister chromatids. The MRN complex is also involved in NHEJ, and has a species-specific role in hairpin repair. This review focuses on the structure of the MRN complex and its function in DNA damage repair.
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