4.7 Article

Onion juice and extracts for the inhibition of enzymatic browning mechanisms in frozen Agaricus bisporus mushrooms

Journal

JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
Volume 101, Issue 10, Pages 4099-4107

Publisher

WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11045

Keywords

onion; browning inhibitors; button mushrooms; blanching; freezing

Funding

  1. Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education statutory grant

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Onion products show potential as an alternative to sodium metabisulfite in inhibiting enzymatic browning of frozen Agaricus bisporus. Blaching with onion juice or extract of fleshy scale leaves is the most effective method in conserving the light color of mushroom fruiting bodies. Tunic extract, while least effective in inhibiting enzymatic activity, does increase total polyphenols and flavonoids.
BACKGROUND: The potential of onion juice, as well as extracts of waste (tunic) (5%) and fleshy scale leaves (25%), to inhibit enzymatic browning of frozen Agaricus bisporus was investigated. The onion materials were used for blanching and their effectiveness in conserving integrity and appearance of mushroom fruiting bodies was compared with the currently accepted method of blanching in a sodium metabisulfite (SM) solution. RESULTS: It was observed that l-phenylalanine content may be a useful indicator of the changes in enzymatic activity during frozen storage, and l-tyrosine may be an indicator of a loss of lightness in color (parameter L*). The enzymes responsible for color changes were mainly monophenolase (MON) and, to a lesser degree, diphenolase (DIP). After being stored frozen for 8 months, these enzymes were detected at a 29:1 (DIP:MON) ratio in untreated mushrooms and a 2:1 (DIP:MON) ratio in mushrooms treated with onion juice. CONCLUSION: Onion products may be a good alternative to an SM solution. The most effective method to conserve the light color of fruiting bodies was blanching in juice or in an extract of the fleshy scale leaves. The least effective inhibitor of MON was tunic extract, which did, however, cause a favourable increase in the reducing capacity (total polyphenols) and flavonoids. Although the onion waste (tunic) extract changed the color of mushrooms from white to creamy orange, the color of these products was attractive and positively evaluated by panellists. (c) 2020 Society of Chemical Industry

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