Journal
JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
Volume 101, Issue 9, Pages 3942-3951Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11034
Keywords
egg yolk; egg white; blood pressure; liver lipid; CVD
Funding
- Faculty of Traditional Thai Medicine, Prince of Songkla University
- Graduate School, Prince of Songkla University
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The study found that consumption of whole egg or egg yolk led to hypertension, with liver and kidney impairment following the intake of yolk alone. On the other hand, egg white was beneficial for the cardiovascular system as it decreased plasma cholesterol and body fat accumulation.
BACKGROUND While eggs are a low-cost source of protein, rich in macro- and micronutrients, the association of egg intake and cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains controversial. This study investigated the effect of egg consumption on CVD parameters. Eggs were boiled, separated into four fractions (whole egg, 50% yolk-reduced whole egg, egg yolk and egg white) and then freeze-dried. The different egg fractions or distilled water (control) were orally gavaged to adult male Wistar rats at 1 g kg(-1) rat body weight, each day for 8 weeks, following which basal blood pressure, heart rate, complete blood cell count, blood biochemistry, body fat and liver cell lipid accumulation were determined. The vascular functions of isolated thoracic aorta were studied using classical pharmacological techniques. RESULTS In comparison to the control group, none of the egg fractions affected body weight, food intake, plasma glucose or lipid profile. The yolk group experienced increased plasma alkaline phosphatase and creatinine levels, while egg white caused decreased plasma cholesterol and blood urea nitrogen. Whole egg and egg yolk increased blood pressure and mean hemoglobin concentration and the yolk increased liver lipid accumulation. Egg white decreased the white blood cell count and body fat lipids. No changes were found in basal heart rate or vascular functions in any of the groups. CONCLUSIONS Consumption of whole egg or egg yolk at the dosage given caused hypertension, with impairment of liver and kidney functions following the intake of yolk alone. However, egg white is beneficial for the cardiovascular system as it decreased plasma cholesterol and body fat accumulation. (c) 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
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