Journal
JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
Volume 168, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC
DOI: 10.1149/1945-7111/abdde0
Keywords
Batteries Li-ion; XRD; Energy Storage
Funding
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Natural Science Foundation of China [22008154, 21938005, 21991150, 21991153]
- Sinopec [420038-1]
- U.S. DOE, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-76SF00515]
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Single-crystal lithium-nickel-manganese-cobalt-oxide (SC-NMC) has emerged as a promising battery cathode material due to its outstanding cycle performance and mechanical stability compared to traditional polycrystalline NMC. The temperature-swing sintering (TSS) strategy can be used to achieve both grain growth and structural ordering in SC-NMC particles, improving their performance.
Single-crystal lithium-nickel-manganese-cobalt-oxide (SC-NMC) has recently emerged as a promising battery cathode material due to its outstanding cycle performance and mechanical stability over the tradional polycrystalline NMC. It is favorable to further increase the grain size of SC-NMC particles to achieve a higher volumetric energy density and minimize surface-related degradations. However, the preparation of large-size yet high performance SC-NMC particles faces a challenge in choosing a suitable temperature for sintering. High temperature promotes grain growth but induces cation mixing that negatively impacts the electrochemical performance. Here we report a temperature-swing sintering (TSS) strategy with two isothermal stages that fulfils the needs for grain growth and structural ordering sequentially. A high-temperature sintering is first used for a short period of time to increase grain size and then the reaction temperature is lowered and kept constant for a longer period of time to improve structural ordering and complete the lithiation process. SC-LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 materials prepared via TSS exhibit large grain size (similar to 4 mu m), a low degree of cation mixing (similar to 0.9%), and outperform the control samples prepared by the conventional sintering method. This work highlights the importance of understanding the process-structure-property relationships and may guide the synthesis of other SC Ni-rich cathode materials.
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