Journal
JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY
Volume 141, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.jsg.2020.104197
Keywords
Ekofisk; Fractures; Faults; Seismic attribute analysis; Image log interpretation
Categories
Funding
- Research Council of Norway
- ConocoPhillips Skandinavia AS of The National IOR Centre of Norway
- Aker BP ASA of The National IOR Centre of Norway
- Var Energi AS of The National IOR Centre of Norway
- Equinor ASA of The National IOR Centre of Norway
- Neptune Energy Norge AS of The National IOR Centre of Norway
- Lundin Norway AS of The National IOR Centre of Norway
- Halliburton AS of The National IOR Centre of Norway
- Schlumberger Norge AS of The National IOR Centre of Norway
- Wintershall DEA, of The National IOR Centre of Norway
- Dutch Top-Sector for Upstream gas [TKI01020IG]
- IOR centre
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Production from the Ekofisk Chalk Field in the North Sea is believed to be significantly influenced by the presence of a connected fault and fracture network. In the current study, we create a 3D seismic discontinuity cube which is representative of this network within the southern part of the Ekofisk Field. This is done using a multiscale workflow which integrates seismic fault and fracture detection with borehole image log interpretation from three horizontal well sections. The results show that faults and fractures are prevalent in the Ekofisk Formations. Within the study area, faults are mainly organised in three orientations: 1) WNW-ESE, 2) NNE-SSW and 3) NNW-SSE. Smaller E-W striking faults are also observed. The interpreted fractures show a similar pattern and are organized in four orientation groups: NW-SE, WNW-ESE, ENE-WSW and NE-SW. The analysis of seismic discontinuity data (i.e. faults and fractures detectable on seismic) indicates that most small-scale discontinuities occur in proximity to large faults, and that the Lower Ekofisk Formation is characterized by more widespread and a higher intensity of small-scale seismic discontinuities. It is also demonstrated that along each studied well section, the extracted seismic discontinuities show a qualitative correlation with the image log interpretation. This correlation suggests that the 3D seismic discontinuity cube can serve as a proxy for the fault and fracture network in the southern part of the Ekofisk Chalk Field. Following from our key findings, we conclude that the presented workflow and results could provide a starting point for future studies assessing the impact of natural fractures in the Ekofisk - and other complex reservoirs.
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