Journal
JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
Volume 157, Issue 5, Pages 1495-1524Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15284
Keywords
drug addiction; food behaviour; Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis; psychiatric disorders; reward; social behaviour
Categories
Funding
- FP7 People: Marie-Curie Actions [754535]
- Science Foundation Ireland (SFI)
- Marie Curie Actions (MSCA) [754535] Funding Source: Marie Curie Actions (MSCA)
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The gut microbiota may play a role in regulating brain reward functions and may be implicated in the development of disorders associated with reward system disruptions. By integrating preclinical and clinical evidence, the microbiota-gut-brain axis shows promise as a targeted therapeutic strategy.
Our gut harbours trillions of microorganisms essential for the maintenance of homeostasis and host physiology in health and disease. In the last decade, there has been a growing interest in understanding the bidirectional pathway of communication between our microbiota and the central nervous system. With regard to reward processes there is accumulating evidence from both animal and human studies that this axis may be a key factor in gating reward valence. Focusing on the mesocorticolimbic pathway, we will discuss how the intestinal microbiota is involved in regulating brain reward functions, both in natural (i.e. eating, social or sexual behaviours) and non-natural reinforcers (drug addiction behaviours including those relevant to alcohol, psychostimulants, opioids and cannabinoids). We will integrate preclinical and clinical evidence suggesting that the microbiota-gut-brain axis could be implicated in the development of disorders associated with alterations in the reward system and how it may be targeted as a promising therapeutic strategy.
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