Journal
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
Volume 64, Issue 3, Pages 1733-1761Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c02201
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Funding
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health [R35GM118041]
- ALSAC
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Researchers identified PXR agonists, antagonists, and partial agonist/partial antagonists based on specific scaffold of a human PXR antagonist SPA70. These compounds showed divergent cellular activities and interactions, providing novel chemical tools for studying human PXR.
Pregnane X receptor (PXR) plays roles in detoxification and other physiological processes. PXR activation may enhance drug metabolism (leading to adverse drug reactions) or inhibit inflammation. Therefore, PXR agonists, antagonists, and inverse agonists may serve as research tools and drug candidates. However, a specific PXR modulator with an associated structure-activity relationship is lacking. Based on the scaffold of specific human PXR (hPXR) antagonist SPA70 (10), we developed 81 SPA70 analogs and evaluated their receptor-binding and cellular activities. Interestingly, analogs with subtle structural differences displayed divergent cellular activities, including agonistic, dual inverse agonistic and antagonistic, antagonistic, and partial agonistic/partial antagonistic activities (as in compounds 111, 10, 97, and 42, respectively). We generated a pharmacophore model that represents 81 SPA70 analogs, and docking models that correlate strong interactions between the compounds and residues in the AF-2 helix with agonistic activity. These compounds are novel chemical tools for studying hPXR.
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