4.7 Article

Impact of a long-term air pollution exposure on the case fatality rate of COVID-19 patients-A multicity study

Journal

JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
Volume 93, Issue 5, Pages 2938-2946

Publisher

WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/jmv.26807

Keywords

case fatality rate; COVID-19; long-term air pollution

Categories

Funding

  1. National Natural Science Foundation of China [82071802]
  2. Tianjin Application Basis and Cutting-Edge Technology Research Grant [14JCZDJC35700]
  3. Li Jieshou Intestinal Barrier Research Special Fund [LJS_201412]
  4. Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin [20JCZDJC00300, 18JCZDJC35800]
  5. Tianjin Medical University Clinical Research Program [2018kylc008]

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The study found that long-term exposure to severe air pollution is associated with a higher case fatality rate (CFR) among COVID-19 patients, with pollutants like PM2.5 potentially assisting in CFR prediction.
Evidence in the literature suggests that air pollution exposure affects outcomes of patients with COVID-19. However, the extent of this effect requires further investigation. This study was designed to investigate the relationship between long-term exposure to air pollution and the case fatality rate (CFR) of patients with COVID-19. The data on air quality index (AQI), PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, and O-3 from 14 major cities in China in the past 5 years (2015-2020) were collected, and the CRF of COVID-19 patients in these cities was calculated. First, we investigated the correlation between CFR and long-term air quality indicators. Second, we examined the air pollutants affecting CFR and evaluated their predictive values. We found a positive correlation between the CFR and AQI (1, 3, and 5 years), PM2.5 (1, 3, and 5 years), and PM10 (1, 3, and 5 years). Further analysis indicated the more significant correlation for both AQI (3 and 5 years) and PM2.5 (1, 3, and 5 years) with CFR, and moderate predictive values for air pollution indicators such as AQI (1, 3, and 5 years) and PM2.5 (1, 3, and 5 years) for CFR. Our results indicate that long-term exposure to severe air pollution is associated with higher CFR of COVID-19 patients. Air pollutants such as PM2.5 may assist with the prediction of CFR for COVID-19 patients.

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