Journal
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
Volume 402, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123491
Keywords
Spent LIBs; Selective recovery; Reduction roasting; Water immersion; Ammonia leaching
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51802354, 51871247]
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A promising process has been developed for the selective recovery of valuable metals from spent lithium ion batteries, which achieves maximum degree of selective recovery and reduces environmental pollution.
In this study, a promising process has been developed for selective recovery of valuable metals from spent lithium ion batteries (LIBs). First, reduction roasting which used spent anode powder as reduction agent and water immersion are applied to preferentially recover lithium. Subsequently, an ammonia leaching method is adopted to eff ;ectively separate nickel and cobalt from water immersion residue. Results indicate that Li2CO3, (NiO)m(MnO)n, Ni, Co are the ultimate reduction products at 650 degrees C for 1 h with 5% anode powder. 82.2 % Li is preferentially leached via water immersion after reduction roasting and Li2CO3 products are obtained by eva-poration crystallization. Thermodynamics shows that reducing ammonia leaching is feasible for water immersion residue. Amounts of 97.7 % Ni and 99.1 % Co can be selectively leached by NH3H2O and (NH4)(2)SO3 while Mn remain in the residue as (NH4)(2)Mn(SO3)(2)H2O, (NH4)(2)Mn(SO4)(2)6H(2)O and (NH4)(2)Mn-2(SO3)(3) under the optimized conditions. Ammonia leaching kinetic show the activation energy of Ni and Co is 84.44 kJ/mol and 91.73 kJ/mol, which indicate the controlling steps are the chemical reaction. Summarily, the whole process achieves the maximum degree of selective recovery and reduces the environmental pollution caused by the multistep purification.
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