New insights of metal free 2D graphitic carbon nitride for photocatalytic degradation of bisphenol A

Polymeric oxygen rich exfoliated graphitic carbon nitride (exfoliated GCN, EGCN) was synthesized by the acid treatment of bulk GCN. The photocatalyst was characterized using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron micro-scopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and point of zero charge. EGCN shows high valance band hole transfer under short-time visible light (lambda > 420 nm) exposure for photo catalytic mineralization of bisphenol A (BPA). Enhanced BPA removal was achieved by EGCN (99 %) due to formation of OH center dot radicals (H2O/h(VB)(+)-> OH center dot/H+). Major factors affecting BPA degradation including catalyst dose, wide pH range, and pollutant concentration were optimized. Repeated cycles of BPA degradation were performed with negligible rate decreased from 0.045 to 0.029 min(-1). The degradation profile and plausible reaction mechanism of BPA was established and well justified by the byproducts identified by mass analysis HRESI-MS. Therefore, the as-synthesized metal free EGCN, active under visible light, offers a new platform for complete mineralization of byproducts of halogenated organic contaminants.

Automated summary

The polymeric oxygen-rich exfoliated graphitic carbon nitride (EGCN) synthesized by acid treatment of bulk GCN showed high valence band hole transfer under short-time visible light exposure for efficient photocatalytic mineralization of bisphenol A (BPA). The enhanced BPA removal was achieved by EGCN due to the formation of OH radicals, and factors affecting BPA degradation were optimized. The as-synthesized metal-free active under visible light EGCN offers a new platform for complete mineralization of byproducts of halogenated organic contaminants.