Journal
JOURNAL OF FOOD COMPOSITION AND ANALYSIS
Volume 98, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2021.103816
Keywords
Peanut skins; Proximate composition; Amino acid composition; Mineral content; Fatty acid profile; MALDI-TOF MS; Deconvolution; Proanthocyanidins
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Funding
- Ministry of Science, Technology and Telecommunications (MICITT)
- Innovation and Human Capital Program for Competitiveness (PINN)
- National Council for Scientific and Technology Research (CONICIT) from Costa Rica [PED-056-2015-I]
- Peanut Institute
- NIH through the University of Wisconsin, Department of Chemistry, Mass Spectrometry facility (NCRR) [1S10RR024601-01]
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This study determined the chemical composition of peanut skins (PS) from three varieties of peanuts, including proximate composition, amino acid composition, mineral content, fatty acid profiles, and proanthocyanidins (PAC) profiles. Results showed that PS may be used as functional ingredients to improve profitability of the peanut industries.
The aims of this study were to determine the proximate and amino acid compositions, mineral content, and fatty acid and proanthocyanidins (PAC) profiles of peanut skins (PS) from three varieties of peanuts. Proximate composition showed that PS had a moisture content from 9.71 to 11.0%, ash content from 2.07 to 2.13%, fat content from 9.59 to 10.2%, protein content from 8.88 to 12.7%, and dietary fiber from 38.8 to 42.8%. The amino acid composition indicated that lysine and phenylalanine, glycine, and glutamine were the predominant amino acids in PS. Mineral content indicated that potassium was the main macro-element in PS. Palmitic, oleic, and linoleic acids were the predominant fatty acids in PS. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) of PAC showed that the predominant masses were typical of (epi) catechin monomers with A-type interflavan bonds. Deconvolution of overlapping isotope patterns observed with MALDI-TOF MS indicates that in all PS, 95 % of the PAC oligomers contain one or more A-type bonds. These results indicate that PS may be used as functional ingredients to improve profitability of the peanut industries through the use of a low-value by-product. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study providing a chemical evaluation and comparison of PS from three varieties of peanuts.
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