Can additional air supply enhance decomposition processes in sludge treatment reed beds?

This work was designed to investigate the influence of artificial aeration on the sludge decomposition process in mesocosm sludge treatment reed beds (STRBs). In addition to the typical STRB design, where ventilation is mainly provided by a drainage pipe, passive aeration via a chimney and active aeration via a blower were introduced. During the entire observation period of 1.5 years, O-2 concentrations in the upper part of the filter were significantly higher in the artificially aerated beds. To determine decomposition rates, a study with decomposition bags, measurements of CO2 emissions from the STRB and isotopic partitioning of CO2 emissions were performed. The results indicate an accelerated sludge degradation process in both active and passive beds. However, this effect was limited to part of the season and could not be demonstrated by episodic measurements of CO2 efflux. The CO2 efflux showed a seasonal pattern. Average CO2 efflux was below 3.0 mu mol m(2) s(1) in the winter months and reached 43 mu mol m(2) s(1) in the warmer months. The low sludge load and drought period in summer 2018 resulted in an extremely low CO2 efflux in August 2018. Isotopic analyses revealed changes in decomposition dynamics for certain parts of the season, differences in contributions of sludge and plant derived CO2 to total CO2 emissions from differently aerated beds. Overall, passive aeration proved to be similarly efficient as active aeration and could therefore be considered for application in a full-scale system.

Automated summary

The study showed that artificial aeration can accelerate the sludge decomposition process in STRBs, whether through active aeration or passive aeration beds. However, this acceleration effect is limited to certain seasons and aspects of CO2 emissions.