4.7 Article

Effects of a dietary supplement enriched in palmitoleic acid on fatty acid composition of follicular fluid, granulosa cell metabolism, and oocyte developmental capacity in early lactation dairy cows

Journal

JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
Volume 104, Issue 3, Pages 3693-3706

Publisher

ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-19191

Keywords

fatty acid; follicular fluid; fat supplement; fertility

Funding

  1. Fonds de recherche du Quebec -Nature et technologies (FRQ-NT, Quebec, Canada)
  2. Research Foundation-Flanders (FWO, Brussels, Belgium)
  3. Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC, Ottawa, Canada)
  4. Departement des sciences animales, Universite Laval

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This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary supplements enriched in specific fatty acids on the follicular fluid lipid composition and related fertility traits in early lactation dairy cows. The results showed that these dietary supplements had no major effects on granulosa cell metabolism and oocyte developmental capacity.
In high-yielding dairy cows, some fertility traits can be influenced by the fatty acid (FA) composition of the follicular fluid during early lactation. The first objective of the current study was to evaluate the potential of dietary supplements enriched in specific FA to influence the FA composition of follicular fluid lipid classes in early lactation dairy cows. The second objective was to determine the influence of the resulting follicular fluid FA composition on the folliculogenesis, lipid and energy metabolism of granulosa cells, as well as oocyte quality and embryo development. Twenty Holstein multiparous cows in late gestation were randomly assigned to 200 g/d of FA supplements enriched in (1) palmitic acid (control treatment; 82% 16:0; PA) in the rumen or (2) palmitoleic acid (sea buckthorn oil; 27% cis-9 16:1, 28% 16:0, 22% cis-9 18:1, and 11% cis-9,cis-12 18:2; SBT) in the abomasum. The treatment period ranged from 20 +/- 5 d precalving to 67 +/- 2 d postcalving. Cumulus-oocyte complexes, granulosa cells, and follicular fluid were recovered from 2 sequential sessions of ovum pickup (OPU-1 and OPU-2) at 46 and 67 +/- 2 d postcalving (mean +/- standard deviation). On the same days, blood samples were collected. Milk performance was recorded, and feed and milk samples were collected from d 8 to 10 +/- 3 (onset of lactation), d 35 to 37 +/- 2 (before OPU-1), and d 63 to 65 +/- 2 (before OPU-2). Treatments did not affect milk yield or fat concentration throughout the experimental trial. Compared with PA, SBT increased the cis-9 16:1 concentration in milk fat, in plasma esterified lipid classes (phospholipids, cholesterol esters, and triacylglycerols), and in follicular fluid phospholipids and cholesterol esters at OPU-1. Abundance of mRNA for stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 and 5, and perilipin 2 in granulosa cells was not different between treatments, but an increase in the level of stearoyl-CoA desaturase 5 was observed between the 2 OPU periods. Treatments did not affect oocyte quality and developmental capacity or embryo lipid metabolism when cultivated in vitro. These results suggest that limited modifications in the FA composition of the oocyte microenvironment via dietary lipid supplements enriched in specific FA had no major effects on granulosa cell metabolism and oocyte developmental capacity in early lactation cows.

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