Journal
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
Volume 328, Issue -, Pages 407-424Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.08.054
Keywords
Bilirubin; Nanoparticles; Theranostic; Inflammation; Cancer therapy
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [81803443, 81903551]
- Zhejiang Province Natural Science Foundation [LQ19H300001]
- Wenzhou Science and Technology Bureau [ZY2019007, Y20180180, Y20180208, Y20190177]
- Special Project for Significant New Drug Research and Development in the Major National Science and Technology Projects of China [2020ZX09201002]
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Bilirubin is a yellow-colored metabolite of heme degradation (a bile pigment), once believed to be toxic, but recently recognized as a powerful endogenous antioxidant of physiologic importance. During the past two decades, several studies have demonstrated the potential of bilirubin in theranostic applications. Here this paper summarizes the current state of the field, providing a detailed review of the published literature on the theranostic applications of bilirubin-conjugated nanoparticles and the basis and mechanisms underlying their efficacy. This review covers the analytical description of the construction of the nanoparticulate bilirubin system, primary mechanisms of therapeutic action, drug delivery, and imaging potential. It also lays out the possible translational future of bilirubin-conjugated nanoparticles in therapy and diagnosis.
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