Journal
JOURNAL OF COMPUTER-AIDED MOLECULAR DESIGN
Volume 35, Issue 4, Pages 473-492Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s10822-020-00366-2
Keywords
Chemical reactivity; Density functional theory; Solvation models; Microsolvation; Explicit solvent
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This study discusses implicit solvation models and microsolvation strategies used to consider solvent effects in chemical reactions, proposing a simple protocol to improve accuracy, validated and discussed through specific application examples.
A major part of chemical conversions is carried out in the fluid phase, where an accurate modeling of the involved reactions requires to also take into account solvation effects. Implicit solvation models often cover these effects with sufficient accuracy but can fail drastically when specific solvent-solute interactions are important. In those cases, microsolvation, i.e., the explicit inclusion of one or more solvent molecules, is a commonly used strategy. Nevertheless, microsolvation also introduces new challenges-a consistent workflow as well as strategies how to systematically improve prediction performance are not evident. For the COSMO and COSMO-RS solvation models, this work proposes a simple protocol to decide if microsolvation is needed and how the corresponding molecular model has to look like. To demonstrate the improved accuracy of the approach, specific application examples are presented and discussed, i.e., the computation of aqueous pK(a) values and a mechanistic study of the methanol mediated Morita-Baylis-Hillman reaction.
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