Journal
JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE
Volume 134, Issue 2, Pages -Publisher
COMPANY BIOLOGISTS LTD
DOI: 10.1242/jcs.247874
Keywords
Large cargoes; Nuclear pore complex; Nuclear transport; Nuclear transport receptors; Multivalent binding; Virus; Gene therapy
Categories
Funding
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) [SFB 1129, 240245660]
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This article provides an overview of the bidirectional transport of macromolecules across the nuclear envelope, focusing on the role of the nuclear pore complex in regulating nucleocytoplasmic transport. It also discusses how different cargo properties, such as size and number of bound nuclear transport receptors, can affect nuclear transport.
Bidirectional transport of macromolecules across the nuclear envelope is a hallmark of eukaryotic cells, in which the genetic material is compartmentalized inside the nucleus. The nuclear pore complex (NPC) is the major gateway to the nucleus and it regulates nucleocytoplasmic transport, which is key to processes including transcriptional regulation and cell cycle control. Accordingly, components of the nuclear transport machinery are often found to be dysregulated or hijacked in diseases. In this Cell Science at a Glance article and accompanying poster, we provide an overview of our current understanding of cargo transport through the NPC, from the basic transport signals and machinery to more emerging aspects, all from a 'cargo perspective'. Among these, we discuss the transport of large cargoes (>15 nm), as well as the roles of different cargo properties to nuclear transport, from size and number of bound nuclear transport receptors (NTRs), to surface and mechanical properties.
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