Additive manufacturing of green composites: Poly (lactic acid) reinforced with keratin materials obtained from Angora rabbit hair

In this research, additive manufacturing of polylactic acid (PLA) reinforced with keratin was studied. Keratin was obtained from Angora rabbit hair and modified with NaOH. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed that the modified surfaces were rougher than untreated surfaces. Furthermore, SEM images in the composites' fracture regions showed surface changes, associated with the nature of the reinforcement. Likewise, thermomechanical properties of the composites were attributed to the nature of the reinforcement and the type of keratin. Besides, the 3D printed composites showed higher thermal conductivity values than PLA with the addition of keratin. Cytotoxicity tests revealed an improvement in cell growth compared to the control and PLA. These results are meaningful toward the development of high thermal conductors and biocompatible composites with applications in different fields, where the use of only natural polymers is necessary.

Automated summary

This research focused on additive manufacturing of polylactic acid (PLA) reinforced with keratin, extracted from Angora rabbit hair and modified with NaOH. SEM images revealed rougher surfaces in the modified samples, and changes in surface nature were observed in the fracture regions of the composites. The thermomechanical properties of the composites were influenced by the nature of reinforcement and keratin type, with 3D printed composites showing higher thermal conductivity. Cytotoxicity tests indicated improved cell growth compared to the control, suggesting potential for developing high thermal conductors and biocompatible composites in various fields requiring natural polymers.