Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
Volume 132, Issue 9, Pages 901-909Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2020.1849191
Keywords
Syringic acid; dopamine; memory; hippocampus; brain
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In Wistar rats, syringic acid increased dopamine levels and facilitated cognitive and behavioral functions related to short-term and recognition memory.
Background Natural polyphenols have been investigated and are claimed to be mediators of the relationship between dopamine (DA) and memory. Therefore, we aimed to measure and evaluate the effect of syringic acid (SA) on DA expression by behavioral tests related to short-term and recognition memory in Wistar rats. Methods Rats were randomly assigned to control (0.5 cc corn oil, n = 10), SA (25 mg/kg/day, o.g, n = 10), Deltamethrin (DTM) (1.28 mg/kg/day o.g, n = 10) and DTM (1.28 mg/kg/day o.g, n = 10) + SA (25 mg/kg/day) groups. The Y-maze and Novel Object Recognition (NOR) tests were performed to assess cognitive and behavioral functions in the rats. Dopamine levels in the hippocampus were measured by mass spectrometry. Results Syringic acid significantly increased DA (5.45 +/- 1.06 ng/ml, p = 0.0026, p < 0.05) compared with the other groups. SA increased the percent alternation (34.85 +/- 0.72%, p < 0.05), time spent in the novel arm (2.88 +/- 0.18 min, p < 0.05), and frequency of novel arm entries (44.91 +/- 2.28%, p < 0.05), of the rats after the Y-maze test. The SA elevated the discrimination index (70.42 +/- 3.59%, p < 0.001), and exploration time (30.44 +/- 1.8 sec, p < 0.05) in the NOR test, and increased the short term and recognition memory in behavioral tests. Conclusion Our findings support the hypothesis that SA-induced DA levels of the hippocampus may facilitate recognition and short-term memory in Wistar rats through the activation of dopaminergic receptors or pathways during the learning process, and that this can be seen in the cognitive behavior of SA-treated rats.
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