Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE
Volume 16, Issue -, Pages 161-184Publisher
DOVE MEDICAL PRESS LTD
DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S288236
Keywords
engineered nanomaterials; nanomedicine; nanotoxicology; particle tracking analysis; asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation; Taylor dispersion analysis
Funding
- Grant Putra Berimpak, Universiti Putra Malaysia [UPM/800-3/3/1/GPB/2019/9678800, 9678800]
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The emergence of nanotechnology as a key enabling technology has opened avenues for new and innovative applications in nanomedicine. Despite the potential of the nanomedicine market, challenges in evaluating the toxicity of engineered nanomaterials present significant obstacles in bringing them into clinical stages.
The emergence of nanotechnology as a key enabling technology over the past years has opened avenues for new and innovative applications in nanomedicine. From the business aspect, the nanomedicine market was estimated to worth USD 293.1 billion by 2022 with a perception of market growth to USD 350.8 billion in 2025. Despite these opportunities, the underlying challenges for the future of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) in nanomedicine research became a significant obstacle in bringing ENMs into clinical stages. These challenges include the capability to design bias-free methods in evaluating ENMs' toxicity due to the lack of suitable detection and inconsistent characterization techniques. Therefore, in this literature review, the state-of-the-art of engineered nanomaterials in nanomedicine, their toxicology issues, the working framework in developing a toxicology benchmark and technical characterization techniques in determining the toxicity of ENMs from the reported literature are explored.
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