Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
Volume 22, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010088
Keywords
microRNA; nephrotic syndrome; biomarker; minimal change nephrotic syndrome; focal segmental glomerulosclerosis; membranous glomerulonephropathy
Funding
- Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) [20K17283]
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [20K17283] Funding Source: KAKEN
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Nephrotic syndrome is a clinical situation caused by a variety of diseases, with renal biopsy being the best diagnostic option currently available. MiRNAs in serum and urine have been proven to be non-invasive biomarkers in multiple diseases.
Nephrotic syndrome represents the clinical situation characterized by presence of massive proteinuria and low serum protein caused by a variety of diseases, including minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS), focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and membranous glomerulonephropathy. Differentiating between diagnoses requires invasive renal biopsies in general. Even with the biopsy, we encounter difficulties to differentiate MCNS and FSGS in some cases. There is no other better option currently available for the diagnosis other than renal biopsy. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are no-coding RNAs of approximately 20 nucleotides in length, which regulate target genes in the post-transcriptional processes and have essential roles in many diseases. MiRNAs in serum and urine have been shown as non-invasive biomarkers in multiple diseases, including renal diseases. In this article, we summarize the current knowledge of miRNAs as the promising biomarkers for nephrotic syndrome.
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