Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
Volume 21, Issue 22, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228664
Keywords
PI-IBS; SIBO; histamine; serotonin; short-chain fatty acids; bile acids
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Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one of the most prevalent functional gastrointestinal disorders, and accumulating evidence gained in both preclinical and clinical studies indicate the involvement of enteric microbiota in its pathogenesis. Gut resident microbiota appear to influence brain activity through the enteric nervous system, while their composition and function are affected by the central nervous system. Based on these results, the term brain-gut-microbiome axis has been proposed and enteric microbiota have become a potential therapeutic target in IBS cases. However, details regarding the microbe-related pathophysiology of IBS remain elusive. This review summarizes the existing knowledge of molecular mechanisms in the pathogenesis of IBS as well as recent progress related to microbiome-derived neurotransmitters, compounds, metabolites, neuroendocrine factors, and enzymes.
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