Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
Volume 21, Issue 24, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249414
Keywords
synthetic cannabinoids; JWH-122; JWH-210 and UR-144; oral fluid; GC-MS; UHPLC-HRMS
Funding
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII, Fondo Investigacion sanitaria (FIS)-Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER)) [FIS PI14/00715, FIS PI17/01962]
- ISCIII-Red de Trastornos Adictivos RTA [RD16/0017/0003]
- ISCIII-Plataforma de Unidades de Investigacion y Ensayos Clinicos-SCREN [PT 17/0017/0016]
- AGAUR Gencat Supor Grups Recerca [2017 SGR 316]
- Ministerio de Sanidad, Politica Social e Igualdad (Plan Nacional Sobre Drogas-PNSD) [2015I054]
- Italian Presidency of Ministers Council, Department of Antidrug Policy
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The consumption of synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) has significantly increased in the last decade and the analysis of SCs and their metabolites in human specimens is gaining interest in clinical and forensic toxicology. A pilot study has been carried out using a combination of an initial last generation gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) screening method for the determination of JWH-122, JWH-210, UR-144) in oral fluid (OF) of consumers and an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS) confirmatory method for the quantification of the parent compounds and their metabolites in the same biological matrix. OF samples were simply liquid-liquid extracted before injecting in both chromatographic systems. The developed methods have been successfully validated and were linear from limit of quantification (LOQ) to 50 ng/mL OF. Recovery of analytes was always higher than 70% and matrix effect always lower than 15% whereas intra-assay and inter-assay precision and accuracy were always better than 16%. After smoking 1 mg JWH-122 or UR-144 and 3 mg JWH-210, maximum concentration of 4.00-3.14 ng/mL JWH-122, 8.10-7.30 ng/mL JWH-210 ng/mL and 7.40 and 6.81 ng/mL UR-144 were measured by GC-MS and UHPLC-HRMS respectively at 20 min after inhalation. Metabolites of JWH 122 and 210 were quantified in OF by UHPLC-HRMS, while that of UR144 was only detectable in traces. Our results provide for the first time information about disposition of these SCs and their metabolites in consumers OF. Last generation GC-MS has proven useful tool to identify and quantify parent SCs whereas UHPLC-HRMS also confirmed the presence of SCs metabolites in the OF of SCs consumers.
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