Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
Volume 21, Issue 22, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228634
Keywords
body fluids; cell-free nucleic acids; exosomes; sample collection; extraction; storage; quantification; downstream analysis
Funding
- European Regional Development Fund [ITMS: 313011V578, ITMS: 313011W428]
- Slovak Research and Development Agency [APVV-18-0319]
- Scientific Grant Agency of the Ministry of Education, Science, Research and Sport of the Slovak Republic
- Slovak Academy of Sciences [VEGA_2/0167/20]
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Analyzes of cell-free nucleic acids (cfNAs) have shown huge potential in many biomedical applications, gradually entering several fields of research and everyday clinical care. Many biological properties of cfNAs can be informative to gain deeper insights into the function of the organism, such as their different types (DNA, RNAs) and subtypes (gDNA, mtDNA, bacterial DNA, miRNAs, etc.), forms (naked or vesicle bound NAs), fragmentation profiles, sequence composition, epigenetic modifications, and many others. On the other hand, the workflows of their analyzes comprise many important steps, from sample collection, storage and transportation, through extraction and laboratory analysis, up to bioinformatic analyzes and statistical evaluations, where each of these steps has the potential to affect the outcome and informational value of the performed analyzes. There are, however, no universal or standard protocols on how to exactly proceed when analyzing different cfNAs for different applications, at least according to our best knowledge. We decided therefore to prepare an overview of the available literature and products commercialized for cfNAs processing, in an attempt to summarize the benefits and limitations of the currently available approaches, devices, consumables, and protocols, together with various factors influencing the workflow, its processes, and outcomes.
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