Journal
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
Volume 157, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2020.112885
Keywords
Lignin; Rice husk; Ionic liquids; Delignification; Depolymerizations
Categories
Funding
- University of Malaya [GPF053B2018]
- Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia, MOHE [FP071-2018A]
- University Malaya Centre for Ionic Liquids (UMCiL)
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Lignocellulosic agricultural waste, like rice husk, is generated abundantly from rice milling industries. It is no longer mere waste but has become a treasure trove of outstanding potentials for sustainable environment growth. In this study, a series of Bronsted acidic ionic liquids (BAILs) were synthesized, characterized and used as a medium solvent to dissolve rice husk. Fractionation of rice husk into lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose was successfully achieved after 6 h of stirring at 100 degrees C. About 78 % and 53 % of the regenerated lignin were effectively extracted from rice husk by 1-methyl-3-(3-sulfopropyl)-imidazolium chloride, [C3SO3HMIM]Cl and 1-methyl-3- (3-sulfopropyl) imidazolium acetate, [C3SO3HMIM] [Ace] respectively, while 1-methyl-3-(3-sulfo propyl)-imidazolium hydrogen sulfate, [C3SO3HMIM][HSO4] only extracted 11 % (based on the original rice husk). The regenerated lignin and cellulose were characterized using FTIR and TGA. Among the BAILs, [C3SO3HMIM]Cl was found to be a good medium solvent to extract lignin from rice husk and could be recycled up to four times. The regenerated lignin was further depolymerized using the synthesized BAILs at 120 degrees C (1 h) to generate low molecular weight aromatic products, which were analysed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). During depolymerization process, [C3SO3HMIM] [HSO4] was identified as an excellent solvent to depolymerize the lignin into low molecular weight aromatic products.
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