Journal
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS II-EXPRESS BRIEFS
Volume 67, Issue 12, Pages 2963-2967Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TCSII.2020.2999494
Keywords
Bandgap reference; CMOS; sigma-delta thermal sensor
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Funding
- Israel Innovation Authority
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Thermal sensors are used in CPU's to detect hot spots and determine voltage levels. Since thermal gradients can be instruction dependent, there can be as many as 40 sensors/chip, which requires them to be compact. The industry standard for thermal sensors is the bandgap based PNP BJT sensor, because of its predictable and well-known physics. In this brief, a 1450 um(2) charge-sharing BJT-based thermal sensor, with a 50 um(2) sensing element, in 65nm is described. After a 1-point trim, the sensor exhibits a peak-to-peak accuracy of -2/+4 degrees C over a 150 degrees C range. After a 2-point trim, this becomes -2.5/+1.5 degrees C over the same range. It also achieves a resolution of 0.22 degrees C in an 821 mu s conversion time. These specifications, as well as the small area, make the sensor attractive for dense CPU thermal monitoring.
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