Journal
IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
Volume 27, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/JSTQE.2020.3013532
Keywords
Gratings; Couplings; Diffraction; Optimization; Phased arrays; Optical coupling; Antennas; gratings; optical waveguide components; silicon on insulator technology
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Compact and efficient optical antennas are designed using grating-based micro-antennas with perfectly vertical emission. Through optimization and machine learning, high performance designs are discovered, achieving high diffraction and coupling efficiency with a one-step apodized grating.
Compact and efficient optical antennas are fundamental components for many applications, including high-density fiber-chip coupling and optical phased arrays. Here we present the design of grating-based micro-antennas with perfectly vertical emission in the 300-nm silicon-on-insulator platform. We leverage amethodology combining adjoint optimization and machine learning dimensionality reduction to efficiently map the multiparameter design space of the antennas, analyse a large number of relevant performance metrics, carry out the required multi-objective optimization, and discover high performance designs. Using a one-step apodized gratingwe achieve a vertical upward diffraction efficiency of almost 92% with a 3.6 mu m-long antenna. When coupled with an ultra-high numerical aperture fiber, the antenna exhibits a coupling efficiency of more than 81% (-0.9 dB) and a 1-dB bandwidth of almost 158 nm. The reflection generated by the perfectly vertical antenna is smaller than -20 dB on a 200-nm bandwidth centered at.lambda = 1550 nm.
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