Digastric muscle mass and intensity in older patients with sarcopenic dysphagia by ultrasonography

Aim The aim of this study was to investigate digastric muscle mass and intensity between no sarcopenic dysphagia and sarcopenic dysphagia. Methods Patients aged >= 65 years were enrolled. According to the diagnostic algorithm for sarcopenic dysphagia, the patients were divided into two groups, no sarcopenic dysphagia and sarcopenic dysphagia. Handgrip strength, gait speed, skeletal muscle mass, tongue pressure, Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form and Food Intake LEVEL Scale were investigated. Digastric muscle mass and intensity were examined by ultrasonography. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to analyze two groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine independent factors for the presence of sarcopenic dysphagia. To estimate the accuracy of diagnosing sarcopenic dysphagia, a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed for digastric muscle mass and intensity. Results Forty-five patients (mean +/- SD, 84.3 +/- 7.8 years, 22 men, 23 women) including 19 no sarcopenic dysphagia and 26 sarcopenic dysphagia were examined. In sarcopenic dysphagia, lower BMI, Food Intake LEVEL Scale, Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form and smaller muscle mass and greater muscle intensity were found compared with no sarcopenic dysphagia. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, digastric muscle mass and intensity were identified as independent factors for sarcopenic dysphagia. The cut-off value of muscle mass was 75.1 mm(2) (area under curve: 0.731, sensitivity: 0.692, specificity: 0.737) and muscle intensity was 27.8 (area under curve: 0.823, sensitivity: 0.923, specificity: 0.632). Conclusions Digastric muscle mass was smaller and muscle intensity was greater in sarcopenic dysphagia than no sarcopenic dysphagia. Ultrasonography of digastric muscle, as well as the tongue and geniohyoid muscle, is useful. Geriatr Gerontol Int center dot center dot; center dot center dot: center dot center dot-center dot center dot Geriatr Gerontol Int 2020; center dot center dot: center dot center dot-center dot center dot.

Automated summary

In patients with sarcopenic dysphagia, lower BMI, Food Intake LEVEL Scale, Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form, smaller muscle mass, and greater muscle intensity were found compared with those without sarcopenic dysphagia. Digastric muscle mass and intensity were identified as independent factors for sarcopenic dysphagia through multivariate logistic regression analysis. The cut-off values for muscle mass and intensity were 75.1 mm(2) and 27.8, respectively.