Journal
EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
Volume 246, Issue 7, Pages 851-860Publisher
SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
DOI: 10.1177/1535370220978650
Keywords
Mesenchymal stem cells; heart transplantation; immunomodulation; rejection; immunological tolerance
Categories
Funding
- National Institutes of Health [RO1 HL143490, RO1 HL136025, RO1 HL148598-01A1]
- American Heart Association, Career Development Award [18CDA34110117]
- AHA [18CDA34110223, AHA_20POST35200267]
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Heart transplantation is the gold standard treatment for end-stage heart failure, but complications such as allograft rejection and infections are common. Recent studies have shown the potential of mesenchymal stem cells in alleviating allograft rejection during heart transplantation.
Heart transplantation continues to be the gold standard clinical intervention to treat patients with end-stage heart failure. However, there are major complications associated with this surgical procedure that reduce the survival prognosis of heart transplant patients, including allograft rejection, malignancies, infections, and other complications that arise from the use of broad-spectrum immunosuppression drugs. Recent studies have demonstrated the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) against allotransplantation rejection in both in vitro and in vivo settings due to their immunomodulatory properties. Therefore, utilization of MSCs provides new and exciting strategies to improve heart transplantation and potentially reduce the use of broad-spectrum immunosuppression drugs while alleviating allograft rejection. In this review, we will discuss the current research on the mechanisms of cardiac allograft rejection, the physiological and immunological characteristics of MSCs, the effects of MSCs on the immune system, and immunomodulation of heart transplantation by MSCs.
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