Journal
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 51, Issue 5, Pages 1153-1165Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/eji.202048757
Keywords
Vaccination; Plasmodium; Sporozoites; Liver; CD8(+) T cells
Categories
Funding
- Australian Research Council [CE140100011]
- National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) [1113293, 1105817, 1154457]
- National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia [1154457, 1105817] Funding Source: NHMRC
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Malaria remains a major cause of mortality worldwide, and an efficient vaccine is the best way to reduce the disease burden. By studying the induction of nonliving sporozoites on the development of specific liver T-RM cells, new possibilities for developing anti-malaria vaccines can be explored.
Malaria remains a major cause of mortality in the world and an efficient vaccine is the best chance of reducing the disease burden. Vaccination strategies for the liver stage of disease that utilise injection of live radiation-attenuated sporozoites (RAS) confer sterile immunity, which is mediated by CD8(+) memory T cells, with liver-resident memory T cells (T-RM) being particularly important. We have previously described a TCR transgenic mouse, termed PbT-I, where all CD8(+) T cells recognize a specific peptide from Plasmodium. PbT-I form liver T-RM cells upon RAS injection and are capable of protecting mice against challenge infection. Here, we utilize this transgenic system to examine whether nonliving sporozoites, killed by heat treatment (HKS), could trigger the development of Plasmodium-specific liver T-RM cells. We found that HKS vaccination induced the formation of memory CD8(+) T cells in the spleen and liver, and importantly, liver T-RM cells were fewer in number than that induced by RAS. Crucially, we showed the number of T-RM cells was significantly higher when HKS were combined with the glycolipid alpha-galactosylceramide as an adjuvant. In the future, this work could lead to development of an antimalaria vaccination strategy that does not require live sporozoites, providing greater utility.
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