Journal
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
Volume 267, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115662
Keywords
Circular bioeconomy; Compost; Fuel; Pellet; Renewable energy
Categories
Funding
- Fundamental Research Grant Scheme, Malaysia [FRGS/1/2019/STG05/UNIM/02/2]
- MyPAIRPHC-Hibiscus Grant [MyPAIR/1/2020/STG05/UNIM/1]
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Acceleration of urbanization and industrialization has resulted in the drastic rise of waste generation with majority of them being biowaste. This constitutes a global challenge since conventional waste management methods (i.e., landfills) present environmental issues including greenhouse gases emissions, leachate formation and toxins release. A sustainable and effective approach to treat biowaste is through composting. Various aspects of composting such as compost quality, composting systems and compost pelletization are summarized in this paper. Common application of compost as fertilizer or soil amendment is presented with focus on the low adoption level of organic waste compost in reality. Rarely known, compost which is easily combustible can be utilized to generate electricity. With the analysis on critical approaches, this review aims to provide a comprehensive study on energy content of compost pellets, which has never been reviewed before. Environmental impacts and future prospects are also highlighted to provide further insights on application of this technology to close the loop of circular bioeconomy. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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