4.8 Review

Recent progress in nanomaterial-based sensing of airborne viral and bacterial pathogens

Journal

ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
Volume 146, Issue -, Pages -

Publisher

PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106183

Keywords

Nanomaterials; Airborne pathogens; Sensors; Infection

Funding

  1. National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Ministry of Science, ICT, and Future Planning [2016R1E1A1A01940995]
  2. Department of Science and Technology (DST, India) [EMR/2016/006480, GAP397]

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Airborne pathogens, such as the common cold, flu, and tuberculosis, pose a threat to public health, requiring accurate monitoring and identification methods. Traditional detection techniques have limitations, leading to the development of nanomaterial-based biosensors as alternative options for portable, rapid, and direct on-site identification of target microbes. Advancements in nano-biosensors are expected for improved accuracy and portability.
Airborne pathogens are small microbes that can cause a multitude of diseases (e.g., the common cold, flu, asthma, anthrax, tuberculosis, botulism, and pneumonia). As pathogens are transmitted from infected hosts via a number of routes (e.g., aerosolization, sneezing, and coughing), there is a great demand to accurately monitor their presence and behavior. Despite such need, conventional detection methods (e.g., colony counting, immunoassays, and various molecular techniques) generally suffer from a number of demerits (e.g., complex, timeconsuming, and labor-intensive nature). To help overcome such limitations, nanomaterial-based biosensors have evolved as alternative candidates to realize portable, rapid, facile, and direct on-site identification of target microbes. In this review, nano-biosensors developed for the detection of airborne pathogens are listed and discussed in reference to conventional options. The prospects for the development of advanced nano-biosensors with enhanced accuracy and portability are also discussed.

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