Journal
ENTROPY
Volume 23, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/e23010122
Keywords
wave-particle duality; quantum coherence; path distinguishability; polarization; entangled photons
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [6163202]
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The research explores the summation of extractable information of a quanton's wave and particle properties in superposition state, showing a violation of the relation between the two in quantum superposition. However, the relation still holds when considering quantum coherence C. Experimental verification indicates that the full-particle property is observed when the quantum which-path detector is partially present.
According to the relevant theories on duality relation, the summation of the extractable information of a quanton's wave and particle properties, which are characterized by interference visibility V and path distinguishability D, respectively, is limited. However, this relation is violated upon quantum superposition between the wave-state and particle-state of the quanton, which is caused by the quantum beamsplitter (QBS). Along another line, recent studies have considered quantum coherence C in the l1-norm measure as a candidate for the wave property. In this study, we propose an interferometer with a quantum which-path detector (QWPD) and examine the generalized duality relation based on C. We find that this relationship still holds under such a circumstance, but the interference between these two properties causes the full-particle property to be observed when the QWPD system is partially present. Using a pair of polarization-entangled photons, we experimentally verify our analysis in the two-path case. This study extends the duality relation between coherence and path information to the quantum case and reveals the effect of quantum superposition on the duality relation.
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