Journal
DEVELOPMENT
Volume 143, Issue 8, Pages 1259-1270Publisher
COMPANY OF BIOLOGISTS LTD
DOI: 10.1242/dev.127712
Keywords
Asymmetric division; bHLH proteins; Epigenetic regulation of differentiation; Lineage-specific stem cells; Peptide signaling; Stomata
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Funding
- Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [26113507, 26291057] Funding Source: KAKEN
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Stomata are dispersed pores found in the epidermis of land plants that facilitate gas exchange for photosynthesis while minimizing water loss. Stomata are formed from progenitor cells, which execute a series of differentiation events and stereotypical cell divisions. The sequential activation of master regulatory basic-helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors controls the initiation, proliferation and differentiation of stomatal cells. Cell-cell communication mediated by secreted peptides, receptor kinases, and downstream mitogen-activated kinase cascades enforces proper stomatal patterning, and an intrinsic polarity mechanism ensures asymmetric cell divisions. As we review here, recent studies have provided insights into the intrinsic and extrinsic factors that control stomatal development. These findings have also highlighted striking similarities between plants and animals with regards to their mechanisms of specialized cell differentiation.
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