Comparison of mortality and medical complications between older and younger malignant melanoma inpatients

Previous studies have identified older age as a negative prognostic factor in malignant melanoma patients. To compare comorbidities, medical complications, and inpatient mortality between younger and older malignant melanoma inpatients. All adult patient encounters with a diagnosis of cutaneous malignant melanoma were identified using the 2003 to 2012 National Inpatient Sample database. Concurrent comorbidities and inpatient medical complications were queried. Comparisons were made between older and younger adults, defined as >= 65 years and 18 to 64 years, respectively. In total, 8153 patient encounters were identified in the database (51.6% older and 48.4% younger). Older adults had a higher prevalence of numerous comorbidities, including chronic pulmonary disease, chronic renal failure, congestive heart failure, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hypothyroidism, peripheral vascular disease, and pulmonary circulation disorder (P < .001). In contrast, younger adults were more likely to have obesity (P < .001) and coagulopathy (P = .005). On multivariable analysis of medical complications, older adult inpatients were more likely to experience urinary tract infection (OR = 1.54, P = .021), but less likely to experience acute respiratory failure (OR = 0.46, P = .012) and venous thromboembolism (OR = 0.44, P = .026). Notably, inpatient mortality did not significantly differ. Older adult inpatients with malignant melanoma have different comorbidities than younger patients and have a larger overall comorbidity burden. Surprisingly, however, the odds of most inpatient medical complications and mortality were found to be similar in younger vs older patients.

Automated summary

Older adults with malignant melanoma have more comorbidities compared to younger patients, while younger patients are more likely to have obesity and coagulopathy. Despite older patients being more prone to urinary tract infections, they have lower risks of acute respiratory failure and venous thromboembolism compared to younger patients. Surprisingly, inpatient mortality rates did not significantly differ between younger and older patients.